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Thyroid Swelling

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Thyroid Swelling

Thyroid swelling, often referred to as a goiter, occurs when the thyroid gland in the neck becomes enlarged. This may be due to hormonal imbalance, iodine deficiency, nodules, or thyroid disease. While some swellings are harmless, others may affect breathing, swallowing, or indicate underlying medical conditions.

Symptoms:
  • Visible lump in the front of the neck
  • Difficulty in swallowing or breathing
  • Hoarseness or voice changes
  • Neck tightness or discomfort
Causes:
  • Iodine deficiency
  • Thyroid nodules or cysts
  • Thyroiditis (inflammation of the gland)
  • Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
  • Thyroid cancer (rare but possible)
Treatments
  • Medical Treatment: Thyroid hormone medications or supplements for imbalance.
  • Surgical Treatment: Surgery (thyroidectomy/hemithyroidectomy) if the swelling is large, causing pressure symptoms, or suspected cancer.
  • Other Options: Radioactive iodine therapy in certain conditions.
Prevention
  • Ensure adequate iodine intake in diet (iodized salt).
  • Regular check-ups if there is a family history of thyroid disorders.
  • Seek early ENT/Endocrinology consultation for any persistent neck swelling.
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